BROWN V. BOARD OF EDUCATION What would break the back of Jim Crow America? What role did education play in the movement to desgregate America?
pnl10-1.jpg
Using the the links provided, analyze the landmark Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education. Cut and paste the information below into a new entry on your Unit 8 Online Notebook.
BASIC FACTS OF THE CASES (more than one) (check video, Link 1, Link 2, Link 3) Make a bulleted list of the basic facts of the cases brought to the Supreme Court
-schools for blacks and whites weren't equal and the blacks wanted integration of schools
-black schools weren't as good
-they didnt have good textbooks
-they didn't have a lunch room or a science room
-High School also suffered from a deficient curriculum, pupil-teacher ratio, teacher training, extra curricular activities program, and physical plant
-black children had to attend a one-room school house and were not provided transportation to the school, while white children in the area were provided transportation and a better school facility MAIN ARGUMENTS OF THE PLAINTIFF (for integration) (check Link 1) List the major arguments of the plaintiffs
-the Supreme Court had misinterpreted the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Equal protection of the laws did not allow for racial segregation.
-The Fourteenth Amendment allowed the government to prohibit any discriminatory state action based on race, including segregation in public schools.
-The Fourteenth Amendment did not specify whether the states would be allowed to establish segregated education.
-Psychological testing demonstrated the harmful effects of segregation on the minds of African American children. MAIN ARGUMENTS OF THE DEFENDANTS (for segregation) (check Link 1) List the major arguments of the Defendants
-the Constitution did not require white and African American children to attend the same schools.
-Social separation of blacks and whites was a regional custom; the states should be left free to regulate their own social affairs.
-segregation was not harmful to black people
-Whites were making a good faith effort to equalize the two educational systems. But because black children were still living with the effects of slavery, it would take some time before they were able to compete with white children in the same classroom.
THE CHANGE IN THE COURT (leading to a decision) (check**Link 1**) What important change happened, and what was its impact?
- In September 1953 Vinson died, and President Dwight Eisenhower appointed Earl Warren as chief justice. His leadership in producing a unanimous decision to overturn Plessy changed the course of American history. THE COURT DECISION (in your own words) (check**Link 1**and Link 2) What did the Court decide?
The court (Earl Warren) said that separate schools was unhealthy for African Americans and he doesn't know what the writers of the fourteenth amendment intended but education is important for the children. He also said the schools were unequal so they supported integration.
ENFORCING THE DECISION (discuss "with all deliberate speed) (Check Link 1)
What was the Court's statement about the enforcement of the decision? What happened to the enforcement? The court said that the states should end integration "with all deliberate speed" which means as fast as you can go. The vagueness about how to enforce the ruling gave segregationists the opportunity to organize resistance.
THE IMPACT and LEGACY(Check**Link 1**)
What is the overall importance and legacy of Brown v. Board?
The African American freedom struggle spread across the country and helped other minorities stand up for their rights.
What would break the back of Jim Crow America? What role did education play in the movement to desgregate America?
Using the the links provided, analyze the landmark Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education. Cut and paste the information below into a new entry on your Unit 8 Online Notebook.
BASIC FACTS OF THE CASES (more than one) (check video, Link 1, Link 2, Link 3)
Make a bulleted list of the basic facts of the cases brought to the Supreme Court
-schools for blacks and whites weren't equal and the blacks wanted integration of schools
-black schools weren't as good
-they didnt have good textbooks
-they didn't have a lunch room or a science room
-High School also suffered from a deficient curriculum, pupil-teacher ratio, teacher training, extra curricular activities program, and physical plant
-black children had to attend a one-room school house and were not provided transportation to the school, while white children in the area were provided transportation and a better school facility
MAIN ARGUMENTS OF THE PLAINTIFF (for integration) (check Link 1)
List the major arguments of the plaintiffs
-the Supreme Court had misinterpreted the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Equal protection of the laws did not allow for racial segregation.
-The Fourteenth Amendment allowed the government to prohibit any discriminatory state action based on race, including segregation in public schools.
-The Fourteenth Amendment did not specify whether the states would be allowed to establish segregated education.
-Psychological testing demonstrated the harmful effects of segregation on the minds of African American children.
MAIN ARGUMENTS OF THE DEFENDANTS (for segregation) (check Link 1)
List the major arguments of the Defendants
-the Constitution did not require white and African American children to attend the same schools.
-Social separation of blacks and whites was a regional custom; the states should be left free to regulate their own social affairs.
-segregation was not harmful to black people
-Whites were making a good faith effort to equalize the two educational systems. But because black children were still living with the effects of slavery, it would take some time before they were able to compete with white children in the same classroom.
THE CHANGE IN THE COURT (leading to a decision) (check **Link 1**)
What important change happened, and what was its impact?
- In September 1953 Vinson died, and President Dwight Eisenhower appointed Earl Warren as chief justice. His leadership in producing a unanimous decision to overturn Plessy changed the course of American history.
THE COURT DECISION (in your own words) (check **Link 1** and Link 2)
What did the Court decide?
The court (Earl Warren) said that separate schools was unhealthy for African Americans and he doesn't know what the writers of the fourteenth amendment intended but education is important for the children. He also said the schools were unequal so they supported integration.
ENFORCING THE DECISION (discuss "with all deliberate speed) (Check Link 1)
What was the Court's statement about the enforcement of the decision? What happened to the enforcement?
The court said that the states should end integration "with all deliberate speed" which means as fast as you can go. The vagueness about how to enforce the ruling gave segregationists the opportunity to organize resistance.
THE IMPACT and LEGACY (Check **Link 1**)
What is the overall importance and legacy of Brown v. Board?
The African American freedom struggle spread across the country and helped other minorities stand up for their rights.